:CIVIL RIGHTS: : :1960: greensboro, nc sit-in (four students at a lunch counter) :1961: freedom rides (take a bus to the south for sit-ins, protesting, etc. (northern inter-racial students with the purpose of testing desegregation laws) : in response to heavy opposition to freedom rides, att. gen. robert kennedy provided police escorts for the freedom rides :1963: protests in birmingham alabama. chief of police (bull connor) unleashed fire hoses, billy clubs, and attack dogs on peaceful protestors. :jfk introduces the civil rights bill in the summer of 1963. :1963: first march on washington led by a. philip randolph (august 28: 200,000 blacks and whites) "i have a dream" speech by mlk :1964: civil rights act becomes a law : :one of lbj's first goals as pres. was to assure the passage of the civil righs act whch became the civil rights act of 1964. : three parts: : barred discrimination on the basis of race in any and all publc accomidations in the us (exception - accomidation that served less than five weren't held accountable) : authorized justice dept. to bring sui against any and all states that discriminated : equal opportnities in the workplace - unlawful for firm of more than 25 to discriminate : :voting rights act of 1965: eliminated various restrictions to registration such as literacy. : :black power: do things for themselves, fight back, develop and emphesize pride in their culture : :1964: riots in harlem and bedoford-stuyvesant :1965: riots in watts section of la :1967: several dozen riots including newark and detroit :1968: mlk was assasinated (april 24) :1968: last piece of signifigant legislation passed (civil rights act of 1968) : -barred discriminatin in the sale or rental of housing : -made it a federal crime to cross state lines to insite a riot. : :the great society: : -abundance and liberty for all : -end to poverty (war on poverty) : continuation of kennedy's proposals : economic opportunity act of 1964 : -head start : -job corps : -work study program for college : -vista : domestic peace corps : -neighborhood youth corps : -basic education and adult job training : vo-tech : -capps (most controversial) : community actin program : proposed maximum feasible participation from the poor : -end to racial injustice : :this congress was called the fabulous 89th because they passed so much progressive legislation between 1965-67, it was a reminder of the early days of th new deal : :vietnam screwed johnson over : :election of 1968 : :NIXON :nixon played on the war and turbulance of the country by being mellow and giving the country what the country wanted. :nixon appealed to the silent majority (middle class - not protesters but wanted everything changed.) : :nixon is a great foreing-policy president but was not a domestic great :nixon and china: : america ignored the communistic state of china : we recognized taiwan as the official china. in 1971, nixon reverses this. he opens communication with them and they invite us to a table tennis team tournament. (this is a big deal - ping pong diplomacy). next, he eases the trade restrictions against china. : five reasons for nixon's relations with china : -bargaining chip with russia (premier leonid brezhnev) : -realism (the most populous country in the world is not going anywhere anytime soon) : -the un and the world community (allow chinese admission into the un to allow them to obey un regulations) : -nixon could get away with it (he was linked with mccarthiesm and has always been very very anti-communism) : -positive press coverage during a campaign year. (1972 - nixon became the first presidnent to visit china) : :nixon and the soviet union : :during meetings between brezhnev and nixon, they agreed on several points : -some missle limitations : -cooperation in space exploration : -ease trade restrictions : two major agreements : -berlin agreement of 1972 : nixon's most important achievement in pursuing detånte (the ease of tensions between the us and the ussr) : three concessions : -the ease of travel btwn. east and west berlin : -recognize the german democratic republic (e. germany) : -abandoned our thirty year policy of trying to seek german unification : salt one (strategic arms limitation treaty of 1972) (first step towards reducing nuclear tension) : -created ceilings on the production of intercontinental balistic missiles (icbm) and sublaunched missles : -restricted anti-ballistic missles : -each nation limited to two ballistic complexes : (salt one: didn't limit the total offensive power of each side but it demonstrated that the two sides could agree)