:PRELUDE TO THE CIVIL WAR :Civil War-big ole' toothache : toothache starts: 1787 - writing of the constitution : 3/5's of a person and avoid issue of slavery : 1808-forbid internatinal slave trade : (still is domestic slave trade and smuggling) : 1820-missouri compromise : second great awakening-wrong to own people : MOST FAMOUS ABOLITIONISTS : Frederick Douglass-ex-slave : William Lloyd Garrison-"liberator" : Sojourner Truth-ex-slave : 1849-gold rush - sutter's mill in calif. : mexico cedes calif. to us : 1850-100,000 people in calif. : ready for statehood - upset missouri balance : wilmot proviso - passed house - not senate : üelection of 1848 : democrats - louis cass - against wilmot proviso - popular sovreignty : whigs - zachory taylor - owned 300 slaves - no platform : free soil party - aug1848 - antislavery - martin vanburen : 1848 - taylor wins : late 1849 - congress cannot delay on the slavery issue - calif. ready to enter - antislavery constitution : new faces in congress : üjefferson davis : üstephen douglass : üwilliam seward : (clay, webster, calhoun retiring) : clay makes compromise for slavery in mexican terr. :ü CONPROMISE OF 1850 (clay) : 1. calif admitted as free state : 2. rest of mex. cession divided into new mexico and utah territories (popular sovreignty) : 3. texas give up disputed terr. of new mexico - in retur, fed. gvmt. assumes 10,000,000 of texas's debts. : 4. stronger fugitive slave act : 5. slave trade abolished in d.c. : : calhoun against it and webster and clay for it. : july 1850 - zach. taylor dies : taylor against comp. - millard fillmore takes pres. - for comp. : sen. stephen douglass (illinois) helps mass the proposals through congress seperately. fillmore signs them : comp. favors north in almost every way : 1. fugitive slave law never fully enacted (enforced) : 2. slave and free states are not equal - free states are ahead : 3. north gets much stronger in next 10 yrs. : 4. calms things down untill 1854 : üelection of 1852 - smashing vicory for the dark horse democrat candidate - franklin pierse : beat out winfield scott and john hale : whigs begin to dissapear : free soilers received half the votes they received in the earlier election : 1852 - harriet beecher stowe - ucle tom's cabin. 400,000 copies in one year. : made into plays and musicals : 1. stowe had never witnessed slavery : 2. fiction - portraid nonfictin : she received an ear in the snail mail :SLAVE REVOLTS :1739-Jemmy killed 25 people :1790-L'Ouverture-now haiti-60000 die :1800-Corussor :1822-Demnmark Vessey :1831-Nat Turner :fugitive slave law - free blacks are kidnapped off the street - 1850 :personal liberty laws - cannot use jails for runaway blacks - tried to stop capture of blacks in the north :1854== : south wanted cuba - spain not want to sell it - ostend manifesto : north against it - south for it : transcontinental railroad through chicago : stephen douglass wanted organizatin of kansas and nebraska : kansas nebraska act repeals the missouri compromise line of 1820 : big victory for the south : *REPUBLICAN party born in respnse to the kansas nebrasks act-july 6 1854 : against slavery, kansas nebraks act, and fugitive slave act : 108 elected to congress in its 1st year : AMERICAN/no nothing party - secretive about anti imigration policy : Bleeding kansas for mini civil war, etc. : acts of violence in congress - sumner (mass. sen.) nearly beat to death w/ a cane by preston brooks (sen. so.car.) for isulting brooks's uncle. : election of 1856 - democrats nom. jams buchannen - out of country during kansas mess : reps. nominated john freemont (pathfinder of the west) - slogan: "free speech, free press, free soil, free men, freemont" : knownothing's southern faction - fillmore, northern factin - freemont : march 6, 1857 -- dred scott vs. sanfod : lost in a 7 to 2 decision : cheif justice roger taney said scott was not a citizen therefore not entitled to sue, he is property and slaveowners can take their property wherever they want :states missouri compromise had been unconstitutional :1857 - lecompton kansas, lecompton constitution for slavery :free soilers did not vote :when new legislature took vote - l. cont. was defeated :pres. buchannen submitted the l.c. to congress. stephen douglass made congress vote on the entire thing - defeated :jan. 1861-kansas admitted as a free state :sen debate in 1858 put lincoln against douglass in illinois :lincoln opposed the extension of slavery in territories :douglas favored popular sovreignty :LINCOLN DOUGLASS DEBATES :lincoln backs douglass into a corner by asking if the people a territory could lawfully exclude slavery before it became a state :douglass's freeport doctrine: by failing to pass specific regulations or laws, stat legislatures can decide whether or not to have slavery (this goes against the dred scott case) :october 1859-john brown, a psychotic radical abolitionist, led a rade in harper's fairy virginia at the arsenal. liberated some slaves in the surroundin countryside and wanted to give the guns to the slaves : raid stopped by col. rbt. e. lee and jeb stewart - most of them are killed and brown is hanged as a martyr. : this act, more than any other, terrified the whites in the south :THE ELECTION OF 1860 : comfirmed the fear that there were no true national parties : democrats split at their convention : northern democrats nominated douglass southern democrats nominated john brekenridge : the constitutional union party made up of exwhigs an knownothings (american party). : nominate john bell : republican party nominated abe lincoln : lincoln got 180 elec. votes, brekenridge had 72e votes, douglass had 12e votes. lincoln only received 39% of the popular votes. : as a result of the electin - so. carolina secedes in dec. 1860, quickly followed by 5 states (miss., fla., alabama, georgia, louisiana) : after these, texas : convention in mont. alabama, they form the confederate states of america (feb. 1861). elect jeff. davis pres. and make richmond, va their capitol. :lame duck pres. refused to do anything and allowed lincoln to deal with it. :the confederates start seizing former u.s. forts and fortifying them w/ little resistance :lincoln is inag. mar.4, 1861. he sneaks into the white house by the cover of night. he advises the south he is gong to provide fort sumter in charleston harbor with supplies (food, clothing). he therefore puts responsibility on the south for firing the first shots which they do, april 12, 1861. fort surrenders w/ very little fighting. only one horse is killed. :surrender to gen. p.g.t. beauregard. everyone thinks the rest of the war will be short and easy. :